黄萎病菌胁迫下野生茄子托鲁巴姆防卫反应的生理生化分析

Physio-Biochemical Analysis of Solanum torvum Defense Against Verticillium dahliae Infection

以野生茄子托鲁巴姆(Solanum torvum Swartz)和苏崎茄(Solanum melongena L.)为主要材料,通过比较两种茄子在大丽轮枝菌(Verticillium dahliae Kleb)侵染过程中体内的生理生化指标变化,分析托鲁巴姆对黄萎病的抗性响应机制。结果表明:(1)与苏崎茄植株相比,托鲁巴姆植株表现出很强的自我防御和自我修复能力。(2)托鲁巴姆体内存在的活性氧清除系统(如SOD、POD、CAT等酶的活性)高于苏崎茄;在侵染后,托鲁巴姆体内各种酶的活性快速增加,其幅度高于苏崎茄;MDA的变化则恰恰相反。这个结果提示,黄萎病菌胁迫可能激活了托鲁巴姆体内活性氧清除系统,从而加快了某些防御物质(如木质素和抗菌物质绿原酸等)的形成,同时减缓或降低MDA等有害物质在植株体内的积累。(3)黄萎病菌侵染后各生理指标的响应时间表现出差异。托鲁巴姆中POD、PAL的活性和可溶性蛋白含量在侵染后的12h内就迅速作出响应(POD增加、PAL和可溶性蛋白减少);而SOD、PPO、CAT的活性和MDA的含量则在处理后初始阶段(至少12h)进行了一些调整,随后才进入持续性的增加或减少阶段。由此可见,托鲁巴姆对黄萎病病菌侵染的响应具有时序性,其体内POD酶、PAL酶和可溶性蛋白首先参与植物的防卫反应以应对黄萎病的胁迫,其它酶随后参与响应,它们的共同作用形成对黄萎病菌的有效防卫。

The physiological mechanisms in response to Verticillium wilt were analyzed by comparing the physiological indicators of Solanum torvum and Suqi eggplant infected with Verticillium. dahliae Kleb. The results showed that ： （ 1 ） S. torvum exhibits the strong capability of egodefense and self-rehabilitation, compared with the cultivar Suqi. （2） The active oxygen scavenging system （ such as ： SOD, POD, CAT enzymes activity） in S. torvum was higher than in Suqi during the treatment. MDA content in S. torvum decreased after treatment, but increased in the Suqi. The results suggested that infection might activate active oxygen scavenging system in vivo, then producing certain defensive substances （such as lignin and chlorogenic acid et al. ） quickly, while reducing the accumulation of MDA in the body. （ 3 ） The response time of the physiological indicators in S. torvum in response to F. dahliae was different： Activity of POD, PAL and content of soluble protein in S. torvum change rapidly within 12h, and then, change in the activity of SOD, PPO, CAT and MDA content. Eventually, S. torvum resist Verticillium. Wilt infection effectively by combinations of each enzyme.