常用时频分析方法在数字地震波特征量分析中的应用

Application of Common Time-Frequency Analysis Methods in Analyzing Characteristic Quantity of Digital Seismic Wave

地震波属于非平稳信号,传统的傅立叶变换因缺乏信号局域性的信息而无法对非平衡信号进行全面描述。对此时频分析是有力的分析工具。本文简介了短时傅立叶变换(STFT)、S变换、CWD分布、ZAM分布四种时频分析方法,通过对算例及实际地震信号的分析,总结出这四种时频分析方法在分辨地震波中的应用效果及优缺点。

Seismic wave is a non-stationary signal,which can not be analyzed comprehensively by classical Fourier transform because of the lack of local information.To non-stationary signal,time-frequency analysis is a powerful analysis tool.In this article,the short time Fourier transform,S transform,Choi-Williams distribution and Zhao-Atlas-Mark distribution are introduced briefly.Their application results and merits demerits in distinguishing seismic waves are summarized by using the four methods to numerical examples and real seismic signals.