珠海市农村地区高血压流行影响因素Logistic回归分析

Logistic Regression Analysis on Influencing Factors of Hypertension in Rural Areas of Zhuhai

目的了解珠海市农村地区高血压流行现状及其影响因素。方法在珠海市斗门和金湾农村地区采用多阶段分层随机整群抽样方法,对641名15-69岁常驻居民进行高血压影响因素问卷调查和身高、体重、血压测量,并应用多因素非条件Logistic回归模型分析高血压危险因素。结果珠海市农村地区调查人群高血压患病率24.0%,标化率22.7%,其中男性、女性标化率分别为24.9%、21.4%,男性和女性之间高血压患病率差异无统计学意义（u=1.086,P〉0.05）。Logistic回归分析显示年龄、饮酒、超重和肥胖是高血压的危险因素（P〈0.05）,其OR值分别为1.070、1.624、2.126和10.508;每周食用水果种类是高血压的保护因素（P〈0.05）,其OR值为0.509。结论珠海市农村地区高血压患病率接近中国居民平均水平,对农村居民健康危害较为严重,应针对高血压的危险因素和保护因素,加强居民健康教育,改变饮酒等不良生活方式,控制超重和肥胖,多吃水果,预防高血压。

Objective To understand the prevalence of hypertension and its influencing factors in the rural areas of Zhuhai.Methods With a stratified multi-stage cluster random sampling method,641 inhabitants aged 15~69 years were selected from rural areas of Doumen and Jinwan in Zhuhai.A questionnaire-based hypertension survey was performed in conjunction of the measurement of body height,body weight and blood pressure among the inhabitants.In addition,a multivariate unconditional Logistic regression model was employed to analyze the influencing factors of hypertension.Results The prevalence and standardized rates of hypertension among the rural study population in Zhuhai were 24.0% and 22.7%,respectively.The standardized rates of male and female were 24.9% and 21.4%,respectively.No statistically significant difference was found in the standardized rate of hypertension between male and female（u=1.086,P0.05）.Age,alcohol drinking,overweight and obesity were identified as the four risk factors of hypertension,and their OR values were 1.070,1.624,2.126 and 10.508,respectively.The kinds of eating fruits in each week were found to be protective factors of hypertension（P0.05）,and the OR value was 0.509.Conclusions The prevalence of hypertension in rural areas of Zhuhai has reached the average level of Chinese residents,and hypertension has become a major risk factor affecting the rural inhabitants＇ health in Zhuhai.Therefore,health education and interventions,including controlling the amount of alcohol drinking and body weight and frequently eating fruits,should be taken to reduce the incidence of hypertension.