2008-2010年中方县手足口病流行病学分析

Epidemiological Analysis of Hand-foot-mouth Disease in Zhongfang Country from 2008 to 2010

目的分析2008-2010年中方县手足口病疫情动态及流行病学特征,为今后制定预防控制措施提供依据。方法收集国家疾病监测信息报告管理系统中网络报告的中方县手足口病疫情资料进行统计分析,采用描述性流行病学方法分析疫情三间分布特征及流行趋势。结果 2008-2010年共报告822例手足口病病例,占法定传染病发病总数的23.66%,位居首位;年平均报告发病率为99.68/10万;不同年份发病率差异有统计学意义（χ2=253.13,P〈0.05）,2010年发病率最高;每月均有病例报告,以散发为主;病例广泛分布于全县,不同区域发病率差异有统计学意义（χ2=99.31,P〈0.05）,以中方区最高;男女性别比2.25∶1;以0~3岁年龄组儿童为主,占发病总数的86.86%;发病高峰在4-7月份,占发病总数的66.42%;职业以散居儿童为主,占发病总数的85.40%。结论中方县手足口病发病率较高,上升为主要传染病,且有明显季节、地区、年龄、性别差异,应切实加强预防控制工作。

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the trend of hand-foot-mouth（HFMD） in Zhongfang Country during the period of 2008~2010,and to provide a scientific basis for the disease control and prevention.Methods The data of HFMD cases reported by the national disease surveillance information management system were collected.And descriptive epidemiological study was applied to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and trend of HFMD.Results A total of 822 HFMD cases were reported during the period of 2008 to 2010,which accounted for 23.66% of total legal infectious disease incidence,ranking the first.The annual average reported incidence rate was 99.68/100,000.There were statistically significant differences in the annual incidence rate among the three years（χ2=253.13,P0.05）.The incidence rate in 2010 was the highest.HFMD cases were reported every month and were mainly sporadic.The cases were distributed all over the county,and there were statistical significance differences in different districts（χ2=99.31,P0.05）.The incidence rate of Zhongfang District was the highest.The ratio of male to female was 2.25：1.86.86% of the cases were children aged between 0 and 3 years.The peak time of HFMD was from April to July,66.42% of the cases were infected during this period.85.40% of the cases were children living in scattered sites.Conclusions The incidence rate of HFMD was high in Zhongfang County.HFMD became the major infectious disease in recent years and showed significantly difference in season,area,age and gender.It is necessary to strengthen prevention and control measures to prevent the occurrence and spread of HFMD.