北京市农村居民健康状况及其影响因素调查

Survey on the status of health the influencing factors among the rural residents of Beijing

目的了解北京市农村居民的健康状况及其影响因素,为有效开展健康教育工作提供基础数据。方法采用分层整群抽样的方法,对北京市10个远郊区县年龄≥13岁的农村常住居民进行问卷调查,调查人数共计5310人。结果大部分农村居民认为自己健康状况一般或是较好,分别占39.7%和31.8%,有18.2%的人认为健康状况很好。6种常见慢性病的患病率为38.1%,排名前3位的分别是高血压(20.8%)、血脂异常(6.1%)和心脏病(6.0%),同时患两种以上慢性病者占9.3%。居住地为山区(OR=0.803,95%CI:-0.284—-0.156)、女性(OR=0.780,95%CI:-0.357—-0.140)、高年龄组(OR=0.668,95%CI:-0.448—-0.359)和受教育程度低(OR=1.085,95%CI:0.027—0.138)的居民总体健康自评较差。结论北京市农村居民健康状况不容乐观,常见慢性病发病率呈上升趋势,应加大普及科学卫生知识的力度。

Objective To study the health conditions and the influencing factors of the rural residents in Beijing,and in order to provide the evidences for the strategies of intervention.Methods Subjects were selected by Multi-stage sampling from 10 rural districts,and their age were older than 13 years.The information was collected via questionnaires.The amount of the subjects is 5310.Results About 39.7% and 31.8% population deemed that their health conditions were in common or good,and about 18.2% population deemed that theirs were fine.The prevalence rates of 6 common chronic diseases was 38.1% and the top 3 of them are hypertension（20.8%）,blood fat Level Abnormality（6.1%）and heart disease（6.0%）and the rate of who has both or more of them is 9.3%.Inhabitants of a mountainous area（OR=0.803,95%CI：-0.284 —-0.156）,female（OR=0.780,95%CI：-0.357 —-0.140）,the age group（OR=0.668,95%CI：-0.448 —-0.359） and poorly educated（OR=1.085,95%CI：0.027 — 0.138）reported that they were in poor health status.Conclusion The prevalence rate of diseases is higher among the rural residents of Beijing,and the prevention knowledge of inhabitable and chronic diseases should be improved.