辽宁省丹东市高中学生性知识和性态度认知调查

Investigation on sexual knowledge and attitude among high school students in Dandong City of Liaoning Province

目的了解辽宁省丹东市高中学生性知识掌握情况及性态度特点,分析其影响因素,为今后在高中学生中有针对性地开展性健康教育提供参考依据。方法采用整群随机抽样的方法,抽取本市12所高中4011名高中学生进行有关性知识、性态度的问卷调查。结果高中学生的性知识总体平均知晓率较低(51.07%);在获取性知识的主要渠道中,网络和同学或朋友已居前两位(37.93%),老师和家长居末位(分别占5.95%和4.52%);性态度及相关行为方面,55.71%的学生选择"赞同和可以理解高中生恋爱",谈过恋爱的学生为29.54%;高中生对婚前性行为持包容态度,选择可以和理解占73.29%,发生性行为的学生占4.07%,男生(5.84%)高于女生(2.21%)。高中生最希望获取性知识的渠道主要是老师(37.60%)、同学或朋友(18.97%)、网络(18.79%);高中学生最想知道性知识主要是性心理知识(31.98%)、性生理知识(29.44%)、避孕知识(24.92%);对学校和家长开展性知识教育满意者仅占25.37%和16.05%。结论高中学生对性知识了解仍有不足,性态度较开放,性知识和性态度均存在一定偏差,而学校和家庭性健康教育相对滞后。要对学生采取有针对性的教育方法,在高中学生中加强性健康教育非常重要。

Objective To understand the characteristics of high school students on the sexual knowledge and attitudes through analyzing those impacting factors,reference and evidence can be provided for the future sexual health education among high school students.Methods A cluster random sampling method was applied in selecting the questionnaires on sexual knowledge and attitude among 4011 students from 12 schools.Results The average awareness rate was low（51.07%）;among the main channels in acquiring knowledge,from internet and classmates or friends rank second（37.93%）,teachers and parents stood at the end（5.95% and 4.52%）;on sexual attitudes and behaviors,55.71% of the students were in favor of and understand the relationship in high schools,29.54% of students have love experience;The students accepted the premarital sex,73.29% of students thought it was understandable.4.07% students once had sex experience,among that ratio,boy accounts for 5.84%,which was much higher than that of girls（2.21%）.The most desired channel of those knowledge was from the teacher（37.60%）,classmates or friends（18.97%）,internet（18.79%）;the most desired content were on sex psychology（31.98%）,sex physiology（29.44%）,contraception（24.92%）.The satisfaction rate on schools and parents in spreading the knowledge are only 25.37% and 16.05%.Conclusion The understanding on sex knowledge among the high school students is still inadequate,the attitude towards sex is open,but knowledge gap is big;the sex education from the school and family are not enough.A selective education should be adopted in spreading the knowledge,since which is crucial among the high school students.