我国风力发电的环境价值分析

Analysis on Environmental Value of Wind Power in China

风能是一种可再生能源,在当前能源短缺的时代扮演了重要角色。考虑量化风力发电的环境价值,提出风电环境价值的构成,并选取相关指标,运用环境经济学相关理论对风电的环境价值进行评估。风力发电环境价值的测算是相对于常规煤电的。为了量化风力发电在减少环境污染方面的作用,先对火电厂主要污染物的排放量进行计算,然后制定各主要污染物的环境价值标准,最后以500 MW火电厂为参照,计算我国风力发电的环境价值,其结果为0.149 1元/(kW.h),而我国天然气发电的环境价值仅为0.089 6元/(kW.h),相比之下,我国风力发电的环境效益相当显著。

Wind power is a kind of renewable energy, which is of great importance in this era of energy shortage. With consideration of the environmental value of wind power, this paper analyzes the composition of wind power＇s environmental value and selects the relevant indices. The environmental value of wind power is evaluated by use of the theory of environmental economics. The environmental value of wind power is determined relative to the coal-fired power. In order to quantify the role of wind power in reducing the environmental pollution, the emission amount of the major pollutants of coal-fired power plants is firstly calculated, and then the environmental value standard of the major pollutants is formulated, and in the end the environmental value of wind power is calculated relative to the 500 MW coal-fired power plants. The calculated environmental value is 0.149 1 yuan/（kW, h）, while the environmental value of natural gas-fired power is only 0.089 6 yuan（kW.h） in China, which indicates the remarkable benefits of wind power in China.