基于EIO-LCA模型的中国部门温室气体排放结构研究

Greenhouse Gas Emissions by Chinese Economy:An Assessment Based on EIO-LCA Model

基于中国2007年经济投入产出生命周期评价(EIO-LCA)模型,构建了部门温室气体排放矩阵,从生产和需求两个视角分析了温室气体排放在部门间的分布结构。此方法将两个分析视角整合在同一个框架内,能更好地认识温室气体排放与部门生产和最终需求的关系。结果表明:1)从生产角度看,电力、热力的生产和供应业的直接排放量最大,占2007年排放总量的36.24%,其中93.91%的排放因给其他部门的生产活动提供电力和热力而产生,尤其是建筑;2)从需求角度看,建筑业的隐含排放量最大,占总量的29.79%,其中97.10%的隐含排放量由生产链中的其他部门产生,尤其是电力、热力的生产和供应业;3)从单位产出的排放看,电力、热力的生产和供应业的隐含排放量最大,为9.88 t CO2-eq/万元,其中直接排放占隐含排放的百分比为89.70%。

The authors investigate greenhouse gas（GHG） emissions of the Chinese economy by producing sectors from production-based and consumption-based perspectives.A sectoral GHG emissions matrix is built based on Chinese Economic Input-Output Life Cycle Assessment（EIO-LCA） Model 2007 to incorporate the two perspectives in the same analysis framework.This matrix provides a better understanding of the relationship between GHG emissions from production and final demand.The results show that electric and heat power sector contributes the most direct emissions,36.24% of total emissions,of which 93.91% are due to the production for other sectors,especially construction sector.Final demand for construction sector acounts for the highest embodied emissions,29.79% of total emissions,of which 97.10% are emitted in other sectors of the supply chain,especially electric and heat power sector.Electric and heat power sector holds the top embodied emission intensity of 9.88 ton CO2-eq/104 yuan,of which direct emission intensity contributes 89.70%.