人力资本跨国流动与中国经济增长——基于外商直接投资视角的研究

Transnational Flow of Human Capital and Economic Growth of China:from a Perspective of FDI

跨国人力资本作为外商直接投资(FDI)技术外溢重要载体的观点已被众多文献所探讨,但其对东道国经济增长的作用很少被详细的研究过。本文首先通过一般均衡模型描述了多样化的跨国人力资本和有形资产对东道国经济增长的作用。为了检验理论模型关于经济变量间关系的预测,采用中国1992-2007年29个地区的面板数据考察跨国人力资本流动对于我国经济增长的作用。将跨国人力资本变量引入传统的经济增长回归模型中,并运用SYS-GMM计量方法测算它对经济增长的效应。结果表明,基于FDI的跨国人力资本流动与经济增长显著正相关,在控制其他因素如人口和制度变量后,这一结果仍然稳健有效。

As an important ingredient of foreign direct investment （FDI）, transnational flow of human capital is of obvious importance to host countries, especially emerging economies, such as China. This paper first extends Boensztein, Gregorio and Lee （1998） ＇ s model by introducing differentiated human capital into domestic firms＇ normal operation. This paper＇ s model suggests that transnational human capital has a positive impact on host country＇ s economic activities. It then uses SYS-GMM approach to examine our theoretical predictions in the context of regional panel from China over the period 1992-2007. By controlling for various variables, including education, demographic profiles and infrastructure, it finds transnational flow of human capital has a positive, significant and quantitatively large effect on China＇ s economic growth.