军队医院护士工作压力源分析及管理对策

Analysis of work-related stress among nurses at a military hospital and possible countermeasures

目的了解护士工作压力的主要来源,分析其相关影响因素,为管理层调整措施,减轻护士压力提供依据。方法收集本院210名执业护士的人口学资料,采用护士压力源量表对其进行问卷调查,并与同区域地方医院进行比较。结果护士工作压力源主要来自工作量及时间分配(2.46±0.75)、护理专业及工作方面的问题(2.38±0.62);不同科室、不同护龄、不同婚姻状况的护士压力源各有不同,不同学历护士工作压力源无差异;军队医院护士管理及人际关系方面压力高于同地区某综合医院(P<0.05),其他方面低于后者(P<0.01),各方面压力明显高于同地区某肿瘤医院(P<0.01)。结论护士工作量及时间分配问题压力最大,管理者要关注护士管理及人际关系方面问题,针对压力较大人群做好应对调整。

Objective To probe the relation between work - related stress, coping styles and mental health among nurses in order to ensure nurses＇mental health. Methods The demographic questionnaire and the Nursing Work - related Stress Scale were administered to 210 nurses at a military hospital. Results Workload, time assignment（2.46 ± 0.75）, nursing specialties and occupation（2.38 ± 0.62） were the dominating sources of work -related stress that varies nurses according to departments, length of nursing, marriage, but there was no difference in the educational background. The stress score of management and interpersonal relationship was found to be higher than that in another general hospital in the same district （P 〈 0.05 ） , while other stress scores were lower （ P 〈 0.01 ）. All the scores were higher than those in a cancer hospital in the same district（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Conclusions Workload and time - assignment are the chief sources of stress for nurses. Management plays a huge role in caring about nurses and strengthening nurses＇interpersonal relationships. Special attention should be paid to the nurses under high stress.