华东地区颅脑交通伤临床及流行病学特点

Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of traumatic brain injury due to traffic accidents in eastern China

目的调查与研究华东地区的颅脑交通伤流行病学,为颅脑交通伤的预防与治疗提供科学依据。方法从"2004年华东六省一市颅脑创伤住院患者"数据库中整群抽取颅脑交通伤患者,用SPSS 13.0统计软件包分析。结果 7 369例颅脑交通伤患者中男女之比为2.72:1。平均年龄(39.28±16.51)岁。25～44岁年龄组所占比例最大,为43.7%。受伤人员中行人所占比例最大,为33.3%。以每年1月份发生颅脑交通伤最多,占13.90%。一天中有一半以上的颅脑交通伤发生在上午7～10时及下午5～9时,分别占23.7%和31.5%。所有住院患者中死亡858例(11.6%),存活6511例(88.4%)。Logistic回归分析显示年龄、颅脑损伤严重度、首送医院、省份、交通伤发生的季度和医院等级等都是影响患者住院期间死亡的重要因素。结论我国应加大颅脑交通伤高发时间段,也就是一天中的早晚上下班高峰以及一年中的第一季度尤其是1月份的道路交通管理,加强中青年男性的道路安全教育,加大对高龄人群的道路交通保护。

Objective To investigate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of traumatic brain injury（TBI） due to traffic accidents in Eastern China and provide scientific basis for its prevention and treatment.Methods The TBI patients due to traffic accidents were collected randomly from the database of ＂investigation of hospitalized patients with traumatic brain injury in Eastern China in 2004＂ and all the data were analyzed using SPSS 13.0 software.Results The male/female ratio in 7 369 TBI patients was 2.72：1.The mean age of recruited patients was 39.28 ± 16.51 years old.Patients aged 25 to 44 accounted for the largest proportion（43.7%） of all cases.Pedestrians accounted for the largest proportion（33.3%） of all TBI patients.The highest incidence of traffic accident associated with TBI occurred in January accounting for 13.90% of all cases.Over half of the injuries occurred between 7 to 10 am and 5 to 9 pm,accounting for 23.7% and 31.5%,respectively.In all the hospitalized patients,858 cases（11.6%） died and 6 511 survived（88.4%）.Logistic regression analysis showed that patients＇ age,severity of brain injury,the level of first admitted hospital,and the provinces and months of injury took place were closely related to mortality.Conclusion It is necessary to strengthen the traffic management in Eastern China,particularly in the time that traffic accident associated with TBI often occurs.It is also important to strengthen road safety education for young and senior people.