昆明市四城区肾血透病人HIV阳性抗体筛查结果分析

HIV+Screening Result Report of Renal Dialysis Patients in Four Districts of Kunming

目的探索HIV病毒在肾血透病人中的血液传播情况,为监测肾血透病人血液传播疾病提供依据.方法采用连续抽样方法,选择昆明市四城区肾血透病人401例,自行设计问卷,进行一对一的个人访谈;抽取病人的血样5 mL,送省疾控中心实验室HIV抗体阳性筛查.结果在两个不同年龄男性组中(31～40岁或41～50岁),安全套使用率低,艾滋病的相关知识正确回答率与学历、年龄和职业有统计学意义(P<0.001);有41.6%的病人接受过输血治疗,在2002年1月至2009年1月间,有15例携带HCV病毒;401例肾血透病人HIV实验室抗体阳性筛查阴性.结论肾血透病人仍有感染HCV/HIV风险存在,应针对血液暴露的风险进行用血安全的教育、促进安全套使用,建立监测与监督机制,减少血液传播疾病的发生.

Objective To understand HIV prevalence in renal dialysis patients,and to provide the evidence for mornitoring and preventing the blood transmitted diseases in renal dialysis patients.Methods Continuous sampling for fixed sites was employed for a survey with 401 patients who were receiving renal dialysis at hospitals in four districts of Kunming.The questionnaire interview was adopted and positive screening of HIV antibody was performed in the patients.Results More male patients in two age groups（31～40 and 41～50） had less knowledge of AIDS and used condoms less frequently than other subjects.The knowledge about AIDS was statistically different between different education backgrounds,age and vocation of the subjects（P0.01）.41.6% of patients received blood transfusion treatment,of which 15 cases were diagnosed with HCV carriers between 2002 and 2009.The HIV serological test shows negative result for 401 patient＇s blood samples.Conclusions Patients receiving renal dialysis are at risk of being infected with HCV/HIV.Health education for renal dialysis patients,condom promotion,safe blood use and strengthened monitoring and management are measures of reducing blood transmitted infections.