农药诱导害虫再猖獗机制

Mechanisms on pesticide-induced resurgence of pests

害虫再猖獗是农林害虫防治中出现的普遍现象,包括生态再猖獗和生理再猖獗。前者的机制主要是药剂削弱了自然控制作用,后者主要是药剂引起害虫的毒物兴奋效应及补偿作用(刺激产卵)。作者团队最新研究证明,药剂刺激产卵是由于药剂激活了脂肪体RNA转录水平,使卵黄蛋白基因表达量显著上调;两性交配昆虫药剂同样刺激雄性生殖并能通过交配传导给雌虫,导致刺激雌虫生殖,因此药剂刺激雄虫是害虫再猖獗发生的一条重要途径;田间害虫再猖獗是多种因子综合作用的结果。

Pest resurgence is a common outcome of pest control.This phenomenon includes both ecological and physiological resurgence.Ecological resurgence is attributed to pesticides weakening natural control systems whereas physiological resurgence refers to pesticide-induced stimulation of pest reproduction or hormesis.Recent investigations show that physiological resurgence is due to the activation of the RNA transcript level in fat bodies,which results in a significant up-regulation of vitellin expression.In addition,pesticides can not only stimulate reproduction in males,but can also be transferred to females via mating.Therefore,pesticide-induced stimulation of males is an important mechanism of pest resurgence.However,the resurgence of pests in natural populations is affected by the integrated effects of multiple factors.