脐带血在ABO新生儿溶血病血型血清学试验检测中的应用价值

Application and value of using blood of umbilical cord in blood type test and serologic tests ABO-haemolytic disease of newborns

目的探讨脐带血在ABO新生儿溶血病血型血清学试验检测中的应用价值。方法于孕妇分娩前和新生儿出生后分别进行ABO、RhD血型鉴定。对母/子血型为O/A（B）、RhD（＋）组合的375例新生儿进行新生儿溶血病血型血清学试验检测。结果使用脐带血检测的ABO新生儿溶血病阳性率为68.3%、出生1~3天静脉血阳性率为51.9%、〉3~7天静脉血阳性率为39.0%,脐带血检测结果显著高于静脉血（P〈0.01）,且随着患儿出生时间的延长阳性检出率呈下降趋势。结论 ABO新生儿溶血病血型血清学试验以脐带血检出率最高,用脐带血进行新生儿溶血病血型血清学试验检测是早期诊断新生儿溶血病的有效方法,值得推广使用。

Objective To discuss the application and value of umbilical cord in diagnosing new borns infected with ABO-haemolytic disease.Methods ABO,RhD blood type test were performed on the newborns before and after the birth.Blood type test and serologic test were made on 375 cases whose blood types of the mother/child were O/A（B）,RhD（＋）.Results The group of the newborns in test using the blood of umbilical cord had a positive rate 68.3%,positive rate of the babies within the group after 1-3 days of birth was 51.9%,group of 3-7 days was 39.0%.The result of the umbilical cord blood was significantly higher than that of the vein blood（P0.01）,and the positive rate decreased as the birth time for the babies prolonged.Conclusion Serologic tests using blood of umbilical cord have the highest positive rate in ABO-haemolytic disease.Using blood of umbilical cord in diagnosing ABO-haemolytic disease of the newborn early is an effective method,it worths spread.