辣椒辣素治疗实验性变应性鼻炎的组织病理学及免疫组织化学研究

Immunohistochemical and pathological study of capsaicin in the treatment of rabbit animal model with allergic rhinitis

目的 明确辣椒辣素（ｃａｐｓａｉｃｉｎ） 对实验性变应性鼻炎的治疗作用。方法 采用甲苯２ ，４二异氰酸酯（ｔｏｌｕｅｎｅ２ ，４ｄｉｉｓｏｃｙａｎａｔｅ，ＴＤＩ） 致敏新西兰兔制作变应性鼻炎动物模型， 观察给予辣椒辣素处理前后症状和体征的变化，同时应用组织病理学和免疫组织化学方法观察鼻粘膜的改变。结果应用辣椒辣素处理后， 症状和体征明显改善。免疫组织化学表明，辣椒辣素处理后Ｐ 物质免疫反应（ｓｕｂｓｔａｎｃｅ Ｐｉｍｍｕｎｏｒｅａｃｔｉｖｅ，ＳＰＩＲ） 纤维减少， 而对照组中明显增加。ＨＥ 染色显示辣椒辣素处理后，鼻粘膜未见水肿及炎性细胞浸润， 对照组均为鼻粘膜水肿、血管扩张及炎细胞浸润。结论 辣椒辣素能缓解流涕及喷嚏， 减少ＳＰＩＲ 纤维密度和数量， 而达到治疗变应性鼻炎的目的。

Objective To determine the desensitization effect of capsaicin Methods Toluene 2,4 diisocyanate(TDI) sensitized white rabbits used as animal models of allergic rhinitis were treated with capsaicin At the end of treatment, the changes in the nasal mucosa were studied by immunohistochemical and pathological methods Results Our results showed that the symptoms of allergic rhinitis were remarkably relieved after capsaicin treatment Immunohistochemical study revealed that substance P immunoreactive fibers in the nasal mucosa showed a marked decrease after capasicin application, but the density and number of SP IR fibers were significantly increased in the control group Hematoxylin and eosin staining demonstrated that no edema was found in the nasal mucosa and small vessels were normal after capsaicin application,but edema ,vasodilation and inflammatory cell infiltration were discovered in the control group Conclusion The results suggested that local capsaicin treatment was a selective, and non traumatic method to induce a long lasting desensitization of the nasal mucosa, to alleviate nasal congestion, rhinorrhea and sneezing, and to reduce the sensory neuron sensitivity of the mucosa