围产儿出生缺陷影响因素的病例对照研究

Case-control study on influencing factors of perinatal birth defects.

目的探寻围产儿出生缺陷的影响因素,为出生缺陷干预提供科学依据。方法按照1∶1配对的原则选取出生缺陷围产儿和健康围产儿各807例,用单因素与多因素Logistic回归分析筛选出生缺陷的主要影响因素。结果婚前参加体检,经常食用鱼虾肉蛋类、牛奶豆类食物等为出生缺陷的保护性因素;父母近亲结婚、家庭附近有污染、孕育期用药、孕育期接触有害物质、有生育畸形儿史、母亲吸烟饮酒为出生缺陷的危险因素。结论出生缺陷干预可从控制环境有害因素、加强孕期营养保健、指导孕期合理用药、减少吸烟饮酒等不良行为生活方式、提倡婚前体检等方面综合入手。

Objective： To explore the influencing factors of perinatal birth defect.Methods： According to the birth date and sex matching principle,selected 807 perinatal birth defects infants and 807 normal infants.The influencing factors of perinatal birth defect were filtered with the Logistic regression analysis.Results： Regular intake of fish,shrimp,meat,eggs,milk,and beans during pregnancy,participating in pre-marital medical examination were the protective factors of birth defects.Consanguineous marriage,environment pollution sources near residence,suffering from chronic diseases before or during pregnancy,maternal exposure to occupational risk factors before or during pregnancy,abnormal reproductive history,and the habit of drinking and smoking were the risk factors of birth defects.Conclusion： To reduce infant birth defect incidence and improve national body diathesis,we must protect from environment risk factors,enhance pregnant nutrition,quit smoking and drinking,and advocate the premarital examination.