宋代书籍设计、插图及美学特征

Book Design,Illustrations and Aesthetic Features in the Song Dynasty

宋代雕版书籍之设计一般而言体现出朴实之显著特色。这同雕版技术及雕版书籍最早发明于中国民间及其农业文化具有渊源关系。宋代奠定的这种朴实的书籍形制设计理念,使得书籍得以广泛传播,真正成为一种空间意义上的大众媒介。宋代确立了雕版印刷术普遍采用后中国书籍的基本形制。宋代雕版书籍确立了书籍史上最早的平装典范。宋刻书籍,采用不同字体、不同字号以及特殊的标识符号区分或标示不同的编辑语言,使版面上的编辑语言及其功能十分明确。这种编辑语言及其书籍体例奠定了中国古代雕版书籍版面编辑语言的基本格局,为之后中国雕版书籍一直沿用。宋代书籍插图已比较普遍。插图的普遍应用,使得宋版书籍图文并茂,不仅书籍内容更加完整,意义更加丰富,而且书籍的视觉效果和阅读效果也更加理想,书籍文本知识和意义的传播也由此变得更加生动、直观、多彩。宋版书籍最入目者,正是其风神别具——没有二种书籍书刻之字体完全相同者——正字书体的美。宋代书籍之美,乃在于其书籍内在的宋代文化精神之美。

Generally speaking, the design of Diaoban books in the Song Dynasty reflects significant features of plainness and simplicity. This is closely related to the fact that the Diaoban technology and book were invented in Chinese folk first and its agricultural culture. The plain and simple book shape design established in the Song Dynasty made the books spread widely, and became a mass medium in the spatial sense actually. The Diaoban printing became the basic shape of books after being widely used in the Song Dynasty. The Diaoban books in the Song Dynasty established the earliest model of paperback in the book history. The carving books in the Song Dynasty used different typefaces, font sizes and special symbols to distinguish or mark different editing languages, making the editing languages in the layout and its functions rather clear. The editing languages together with its book stylistic rules and layout fixed the basic pattern of layout editing languages in the Diaoban books in ancient China, which have been used in Chinese Diaoban books after that. Illustrations of books were very common in the Song Dynasty. The widely application of illustration made the books in the Song Dynasty abundant and elegant, not only letting the books＇ contents more integrated, meaning more plentiful, but also making the vie- wing and reading outcome more ideal, and thus the communication of books＇ text knowledge and significance became more lively, intuitive and colorful. The best books in the Song Dynasty, just because their special style and charm, and no Same ones in typeface used in writing and carving in the two kinds of books, were the beauty of orthography books. The beauty of books in the Song Dynasty lies in the books＇ inner beauty of culture spirit of the Song Dynasty.