语言·话语·社会--论伯恩斯坦的社会文化语言观

On Language,Utterance and Society——A Study of Bernstein's Language View from a Social-cultural Perspective

近年来,随着社会文化理论在全球二语习得研究领域影响的扩大,我国学者的研究视角也从语言习得者自身因素扩展到了社会文化空间,相关的研究可谓硕果累累。然而,在众多的宏大叙事之中,却忽视了一个在该领域具有奠基贡献的人物——社会语言学家伯恩斯坦。本文通过探析伯恩斯坦对多位颇有影响的语言学家关于语言、话语及其与社会的关系这一核心问题的观点的质疑和社会学意义上的修正和批判,乃至重新的界定,揭示了他独到的社会认知语言观,及其对语言本质与社会文化、语言习得、语言教育等相互关系的影响。

The rapid development of socio-cultural theory in the field of SLA in the world has also brought great changes in China.This ＇social-cultural turning＇ leads the Chinese scholars＇ attention from the learners themselves to the socio-cultural space.Therefore,many works concerning this focus have been published,which,however,neglect B.Bernstein,a very influential social-cultural linguist.This paper elucidates Bernstein＇s challenges,sociological critique and revising,even redefinition to some of the most influential linguists＇ different viewpoints on language（competence） vs.utterance（performance） and their relations with society,aiming to reveal Bernstein＇s unique social-cognitive linguistic perspective,with which to elaborate the interrelations between language and social culture and language acquisition.