灾害危机管理的转变趋势及其对我国灾害心理救助管理的启示

The Shift of Disaster Risk Management and Its Suggestion to the Disaster Psychological Assistance Management of China

在瞬间万变的现今社会,重大自然灾害的频发使世界各国政府开始重新审视传统灾害危机管理模式在现代减灾防灾救灾过程中的有效性,促进了灾害危机管理从被动应对的、缺少社区和民众参与的管理模式转向主动应对的、重视社区民众参与的、以多科学途径为基础的整合的灾害危机管理。笔者试图以日、美等国家为例分析灾害危机管理的转变趋势和特点,并以此为依据,从四个方面试述其对我国灾害心理救助体系的启示作用。

In the modern society,all kinds of serious natural disasters make all the governments begin to reconsider the efficiency of traditional disaster risk management in the process of the hazard mitigation and disaster management,which helps the shift of disaster risk management from the modal of reactive and response management,planning for communities to the modal of proactive,multidisciplinary approach,planning with communities.The article tries to analyze the shift of disaster risk management,and then suggests the advice for the management of the disaster psychological assistance.