农杆菌介导的共转化法培育无选择标记转基因水稻的研究进展

Advances in Agrobacterium-Mediated Co-Transformation Systems for Marker-Free Transgenic Rice

植物基因工程可有效地改良农作物的品质、性状或产量,尤其是对水稻这样重要的粮食作物,进行该方面的研究意义重大。在遗传转化过程中,抗性标记基因是筛选转化体的有效手段,但也带来了生态环境及食品安全方面的潜在隐患。为培育无选择标记转基因水稻,可采用共转化无选择标记系统,此方法简单易行,可操作性强,尤其是农杆菌介导的共转化法,应用较为广泛。同时,对获得的转基因水稻,其生物安全性也是人们普遍关注的重大问题。本文对近几年应用农杆菌介导的共转化系统培育无选择标记转基因水稻的研究进展及优化方法进行了综述,结合转基因材料安全评价标准,对转基因植物的推广及应用前景进行了展望。

Plant genetic engineering is an effective method for improving the quality, characters and yield of crops. Especially for rice, such an important food crop for human beings, it is of great significance and necessary to carry out such kind of researches. During the process of genetic transformation, the usage of the resistance -marker gene is practical and effective for transformant screening. However, the potential dan- ger for the safety of environment and food also came after the markers and heterologous genes were used. To solve such kind of problems, the marker - free co - transformation systems, especially mediated by Agrobacte- rium, were set up and more widely used with the advantages of easily operation, more safe and reliable. Meantime, the bio - safety issue of the transgenic progeny also caused widely concern of the public. Here, the research advances of marker - free transgenic rice mediated by Agrobacterium and the system optimization were summarized, and the prospects for popularization and application of transgenic plants were predicted according to the evaluation criterions of bio - safety.