无细胞神经支架复合骨髓间充质干细胞构建组织工程人工神经修复坐骨神经缺损

Acellular nerve scaffold loading bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells to prepare artificial nerve for sciatic nerve defects

背景:作者已经成功制备了无细胞神经移植物,并且复合骨髓间充质干细胞构建组织工程人工神经桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损。目的:无细胞神经移植物复合骨髓间充质干细胞构建组织工程人工神经修复大鼠坐骨神经缺损后运动功能的恢复。方法:成年雄性SD大鼠构建大鼠坐骨神经15mm缺损模型,分别应用组织工程人工神经、组织工程神经支架或自行神经桥接坐骨神经缺损。桥接后20周再生神经电生理学测定,手术侧胫骨前肌湿质量、腓肠肌组织学及透视电镜分析。结果与结论:桥接20周后,组织工程人工神经与自体神经移植组胫骨前肌湿质量比较,差异无显著性意义(P>0.05),神经干传导速度为(30.56±2.15)m/s。结果提示,无细胞神经移植物复合骨髓间充质干细胞构建的组织工程人工神经桥接大鼠坐骨神经缺损后,可以促进再生神经运动功能的恢复。

BACKGROUND：The authors have successfully prepared an acellular nerve graft to be combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in artificial nerve bridge of rat sciatic nerve defects.OBJECTIVE：To investigate the motor function of rats with sciatic nerve defects following repairing using acellular nerve graft combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells.METHODS：Adult SD rats were used to prepare rat models of 15-mm sciatic nerve defects.Tissue-engineered nerve,tissue-engineered nerve scaffold,and autogenous nerve were separately applied to bridge sciatic nerve defects.After 20 weeks,electrophysiological determination of regenerated nerves was conducted,wet weight of the anterior tibial muscle was determined,and histological and transmission electron microscopy analyses of the gastrocnemius was done.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Twenty weeks after nerve grafting,no difference in the wet weight of the anterior tibial muscle was shown to be significant between tissue-engineered nerve and autogenous nerve grafts（P 0.05）.The nerve conduction velocity was（30.56±2.15） m/s.The findings indicate that the acellular nerve graft combined with bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells can promote the recovery of motor function in rats with sciatic nerve defects.