尿石成分与血尿理化性质的关系

Relationship between the chemical composition of urinary stones and urine/blood component

目的探讨本地区不同成分的结石与血尿理化性质之间的关系。方法对645例泌尿系结石成分进行分析,其中284例获取完整的24 h尿液分析及血电解质的结果,与对照组进行比较。结果 645例结石中以混合性结石占多数,其中以草酸钙为主。4种结石类型结石患者的24 h尿量均显著低于对照组(P<0.01);尿酸为主结石组尿pH值明显低于其他类型结石组及对照组(P<0.01);草酸盐为主结石组的尿钙排泄及高尿钙病例数明显高于其他类型结石组及对照组(P<0.01)。各组间及对照组之间血钾、钠、钙、磷、镁及氯无差异。结论结石成分与尿液理化性质之间有着密切关系。24 h尿量、尿pH及高尿钙会对相应成分的结石产生影响,对于各种成分结石治疗与预防具有积极的临床意义。

Objective To explore the relationship between different types of urinary stones in the local area and physico chemical composition of urine and blood. Methods The chemical components of 645 cases of urinary stones were analyzed. The 24 h urine and blood electrolytes of 284 cases were tested. The data were compared with those of the control group. Results The most common type of urinary stones was mixed stones which were mainly composed of calcium oxalate. 24 h urine volume in patients was significantly less than the volume of the control group （P ~ 0.01）. The pH value in the group of uric acid stone was significantly lower than that of the other groups and the control group （P ~ 0.01）. Urinary calcium excretion and the cases of hypercalciuria in the group of calcium oxalate stone were more than those of the other groups and the control group significantly （P ~ 0.01）. No significant differences in blood electrolyte test, including potassium, sodium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium and chlorine were observed among the groups. Conclusions The types of urinary stones were closely associated with physico-chemieal composition of urine. 24 h urine volume, pH value and hypercalciuria affect not only the components of stones, but also the treatment and prevention of all types of urinary stones.