昆明小鼠状态焦虑动物模型明暗箱实验的结构维度分析

Light-dark box as a model of state anxiety in Kunming mice： three behavioral dimensions by factor analysis

目的探讨明暗箱实验（Light-DarkBox，LDB）作为昆明小鼠状态焦虑动物模型的结构维度及测量有效性。方法成年雄性昆明小鼠放入明暗箱，摄像系统记录5min的行为变化，实验间隔1周进行2次；采用因子分析进行分析评价，实验参数如下：暗区潜伏期（Latence）、明区停留时间百分率（Ltime％）、明区水平运动百分率（Lcross％）、明区垂直运动百分率（Lrear％）、穿梭次数（Transition）、总水平运动（Cross）、总垂直运动（Rear）和粪便粒数（FB）。结果Ltime％、Lcross％、Lrear％以及Transition、Cross、Rear初测重测组内相关性均较好；Transition、Rear、FB初测重测相关性亦较好。LDB所有参数初测重测均可提取出四个公因子：Ltime％、Lcross、Lrear对焦虑因子贡献大（Loading％：39．54％、35．40％），Transition、Cross对运动因子贡献大（Loading％：23．78％、19．66％），Rear对探索因子贡献大（Loading％：13．75％、22．60％），FB对情绪因子贡献大（Loading％：14．42％、13．02％），而Latence参数初测重测因子贡献不稳定。结论LDB作为昆明小鼠状态焦虑动物模型具有稳定的三维结构：焦虑因子维度、LDB活性因子维度（运动因子＋探索因子）和情绪因子维度。

Objective To explore the behavioral dimensions and validity of the light-dark box （LDB）, as an model of state anxiety in Kunming mice. Methods The behavior of adult, male, Kunming mice in LDB was recorded twice, for five minutes, with a one-week inter-trial interval. The following parameters were evaluated by factor analysis：latence for the first entry into the dark area （Latence） ;percentage of time exploring in the light area （Ltime%）;percentage of squares crossing in the light area （Lcross%）;percentage of rears in the light area （ Lrear% ） ; transitions between two areas （Transition） ; total number of squares crossing in the whole apparatus （Cross） ;total number of rears in the whole apparatus（Rear） ;and number of fecal boli（FB）. Results There was a good intercorrelation both among Ltime%, Lcross%, Lrear%, and among Transition, Cross, Rear. A good correlation also was found between test and retest for Transition, Rear and FB. Ltime%, Lcross% and Lrear% had significant loadings on Anxiety factor （ Loading% ： 39.54% , 35.40% ） ; Transition loaded on Locomotor factor （ Loading% ：23. 78%, 19. 66% ）, combined with Cross; Rear loaded on Exploration factor （ Loading% ： 13. 75%, 22.60% ） ;and FB loaded on Emotionality factor（ Loading% ： 14.42% , 13.02% ） ;Latence was not stable. Conclusion Light-dark box, as an animal model of state anxiety in Kunming mice, comprised three behavioral dimensions ：anxiety factor,LDB-activity factor（locomotor factor and exploration factor） and emotionality factor.