甲壳低聚糖的制备和分析

The Preparation and Analysis of Low-molecular Weight Chitosan

解决壳聚精的水不溶性，拓宽壳聚精的应用范围。方法：直接用过氧化氢对高分子量、高脱乙酸化度的壳聚糖进行非均相降解、制备了水溶性甲壳低聚糖产品，对产品进行红外光谱结构表征，并用高效毛细管电泳测定了寡糖的聚合度。探讨了温度、过氧化氢浓度对降解所需时间、产品得率及甲壳低聚糖聚合度的影响。结果：选择降解温度 ８０℃～９０℃，过氧化氢浓度 ８％～１０％时，水解时间０．５ ～１．０ ｈ，水溶性产品得率为 ４０％～４５％，聚合度为３～７的寡糖占水解产物的３６％～５０％。结论：该方法制备甲壳低聚糖是可行的。如进一步研究工艺条件，有望进行工业化生产。

Purpose: The aim was to solve the problem of water-insoluble of chitosan, a macro-molecular of polysaccharides. Methods: A water-soluble oligosaccharides of hydrolyzed chitosan was prepared by using the method of directly oxidative degradation by H2O2. The structure of the oligosaccharides of hydrolytic chitosan was determined by analysis of their IR spectroscopy, and the polymerization degree was measured by high performance capillary electrophoresis (HPCE). The effects of temperature and concentration of H2O2 on degradation-required time, production rate and polymerization degree were also observed. Results: The results showed that, hydrolyzation at 80 ℃ - 90℃ ， 8 % - 10 % H2O2 and 0. 5-1 h, the production rate of water-soluble substances and the proportion of 3-7 oligomers to hydrolyzed products were 40%-45 %, and 36 %-50 %, respectively. Conclusion： The preparation of water-soluble olligosaccharides of chitosan by oxidative degradation is practicable.