表面活性剂对大豆和花生茎叶吸硼量的影响

Effect of Surfactant on Boron Absorption of Soybean and Peanut Plants

为筛选高效植物表面活性剂,以含有不同浓度的3种表面活性剂的硼溶液在田间叶面喷洒大豆和花生,研究了在表面活性剂作用下,大豆和花生对硼元素吸收量的过程和影响。结果表明:与不含表面活性剂的硼营养液相比,加入表面活性剂后,植物对硼的吸收量显著增加,且喷施后24 h的促进效果最佳,24～48 h的吸收量略有增加,但趋于稳定。在大豆上喷施后24 h,TBP、DESU和DES分别在90 mg/L、80 mg/L和50 mg/L时效果最好;在花生上喷施后24 h,TBP、DESU和DES分别在60 mg/L4、0 mg/L和30mg/L时效果最佳。3种表面活性剂对硼元素在作物体内的吸收均有较大的促进作用,其中TBP的效果最好,DESU和DES的效果次之;3种表面活性剂对硼元素吸收促进作用都与其浓度有一定的相关性,TBP、DESU和DES的最适浓度范围分别为60～90 mg/L、40～80 mg/L和30～60 mg/L。

The leaves of soybean and peanut plants were sprayed with boron solution containing different surfactants to study the effect of surfactant on boron absorption of soybean and peanut plants for screening the efficient plant surfactant.The results showed that the surfactant could increase boron absorption of soybean and peanut plants significantly,the best effect was at 24h after foliage spray,and the optimum concentration of TBP,DESU and DES for boron absorption of soybean and peanut plants was 90mg/L,80mg/L,50mg/L and 60mg/L,40mg/L,30mg/L respectively,TBP was the best surfactant to promote boron absorption among the three tested surfactants,there was a certain correlation between concentration and boron absorption in three tested surfactants,and the optimum concentration of TBP,DESU and DES was 60～90mg/L,40～80mg/L and 30～60mg/L separately.