论《伍子胥列传》与《伍员吹箫》对伍子胥故事的不同演绎

The Discussion about Two Different Narrative Styles of Wu Zixu's Story Showed in Biography of Wu Zixu and Wu Zixu Fluted

伍子胥的故事是中国古代众多复仇故事中情节最为波澜壮阔者之一。记录描写此故事的作品很多,其中司马迁的《伍子胥列传》和李寿卿的《伍员吹箫》代表了两种不同类型的演绎方式。司马迁的《伍子胥列传》第一次将伍子胥故事的整体脉络进行了梳理,并且渗透了司马迁本人特有的观念和情感取向,作品突出伍子胥的复仇精神以及忠言直谏的高尚品格。《伍员吹箫》以杂剧特有的舞台表演方式和戏曲语言方式向观众展现了伍子胥复仇以及报恩的故事,突出伍子胥知恩图报的侠义精神。两部作品在伍子胥故事的发展演变过程中都起到了非常重要的作用。

The story of Wu Zixu is one of the most magnificent plots about Chinese ancient revenge.There have been a lot of works recording it,of which Sima Qian＇s Biography of Wu Zixu and Li Shouqing＇s Wu Zixu Fluted are two different narrative styles.Biography of Wu Zixu was the first to sort the whole contexts of Wu Zixu＇s stories,mixed with Sima Qian＇s own opinions and emotions.It emphasized on Wu Zixu＇s spirit of revenging and his noble quality of remonstrating rightfully.Wu Zixu Fluted showed Wu Zixu＇s revenge and gratitude to the audience by using Zaju＇s unique stage performing and language styles,which highlighted Wu Zixu＇s knightly spirit of repaying an obligation.Both these two works played critical roles during the process of developing the story of Wu Zixu.