全息照片的细激光束成像原理

Study on a narrow laser beam imaging of hologram

本文指出散射物体的全息图片是由大量基元全息图片构成的，基元全息图片除正常的全息成像外，还由于基元全息图再现子球面波的光束角宽度很小，因而可以通过小孔成像原理，在观察屏上形成一个倒立实像。宽激光束和细激光束再现全息图象的区别，主要就是成像时所包含的基元全息图片的多和少的问题，在此基础上解释了用宽激光束和细激光束再现全息图象的一系列的特点和区别，以及它们的过渡关系。

This paper points out that the hologram is consisted of many elementary hologram.For the elementary hologram,except normal holographic imaging,as the diverging angle of reconstructing curved surface sub wave is very small,by use of the principle of small hole imaging,it forms a standing upside down real image in the observation screen.The difference of the reconstructing image in the width laser beam and the narrow laser beam is the difference of the amount of elementary hologram.By use of this principle,we can explain the character,difference and the relation from the narrow laser beam to width laser beam for the reconstructing holographic image.