140例女性肺癌患者的临床特征分析

Clinical characteristics of lung cancer in 140 female patients

目的:探讨女性肺癌患者的临床特征。方法:收集140例女性肺癌患者的年龄、常见症状、肿瘤部位和病理类型、临床分期等临床资料,观察女性肺癌病理类型与绝经的关系、分析肺癌TNM分期、肺癌病理类型与术前CEA阳性率的关系,并与60例男性肺癌患者的临床资料进行比较。结果:与男性肺癌患者比较,女性肺癌患者的年龄较小,胸痛发生率较高,肿瘤分布较为平均,多为周围型肺癌,病理类型多为腺癌,有吸烟史者鳞癌所占比例较高(P<0.05)。女性肺癌患者的临床分期与男性肺癌患者比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与绝经后女性比较,绝经前女性肺癌中腺癌比例较高、鳞癌比例较低(P均<0.05)。与男性CEA阳性者比较,女性CEA阳性者腺癌比例较高(P<0.01),Ⅰ期患者比例较低(P<0.05)。结论:女性肺癌患者有其自身的特点,发病年龄早,胸痛发生率高,绝经前以腺癌为主,绝经后鳞癌比例明显上升,吸烟对于女性鳞癌的发生影响更大,CEA对预测女性肺癌的病理类型有一定帮助。

Objective： To study the clinical characteristics of lung cancer in females. Methods： Clinical data, including age, common symptom, mass position, pathologic typing and clinical stage, of 140 female patients with proved lung cancer were collected for analysis. Meanwhile, the clinical data of 60 male patients with lung cancer were applied for comparison. Results： Compared with male, female patients with lung cancer trended to have younger age, higher incidence of chest pain, higher prevalence of peripheral lung cancer and adenocarcinoma. Squamous carcinoma was more prevalent in female smoker （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference in clinical stage between male and female patients with lung cancer （ P 〉 0.05 ）. Significantly higher prevalence of adenocarcinoma and lower prevalence of squamous carcinoma were observed in patients with lung cancer before menopause, comparing with those after menopause （P 〈 0.05）. In patients with positive CEA, significantly higher prevalence of adenocarcinoma and lower prevalence of stage Ⅰ in females, comparing with those in males. Conclusion： Young age at onset and chest pain as chief complain are observed in female patients with lung cancer. Furthermore, high prevalence of adenocarcinoma before menopause is revealed in female patients, while squamous carcinoma presents more prominent in females after menopause. Moreover, smoking is considered as risk factor of female squamous carcinoma. CEA can be applied in pathological diagnosis for female lung cancer.