燃料乙醇生产用生物原料的土地使用、能耗、环境影响和水耗分析

Analysis of Land Utilization, Energy Consumption, Environmental Effect and Water Consumption in Production of Fuel Ethanol with Biomass

在引入生物质分配比率的基础上,从土地使用率、能耗、环境和耗水量4个方面分析了玉米秸秆、木薯和甜高粱3种生物质原料生产燃料乙醇的过程,得到了3种生物质发展潜力数据.结果表明,玉米秸秆作为原料,按产出乙醇能计,土地使用率最高可达563.40GJ/ha,投入能量最低,仅为22.68MJ/GJ,环境影响最小,耗水量最少,只有8m3/GJ,是最有开发前景的原料.甜高粱总体上优于木薯,但耗水量太大,不利于长远发展.

By introducing the distribution ratio of feedstock, corn stalk, cassava and sorghum are analyzed in the four aspects of land utilization ratio, energy consumption, environmental gas emission and water consumption, and the reliable data obtained. The results show that corn stalk has the most promising prospect as the feedstock for production of fuel ethanol, its land utilization ratio is up to 563.40 GJ/ha （ethanol energy）, whereas energy consumption is only 22.68 MJ/GJ （ethanol energy）, its environmental impact is the most minimal among the three and water consumption is only 8 m^3/GJ （ethanol energy）. When viewed as a whole, sweet sorghum is better than cassava. But its water consumption is too large to be utilized for a long-term development.