从司法审判实践角度完善我国的外国法查明制度

On Improving China's System of Ascertainment of Foreign Law in Light of Chinese Judicial Practices

外国法的内容是否得以查明,是我国大陆地区法院在涉外民商事案件审理中是否能够正确适用外国法的前提。当法院受理案件之后,如果按照冲突规范的指引,在排除反致,公共秩序保留,法律规避等制度阻却的前提下,仍然确定应当适用某一外国法作为处理案件争议的准据法时,法院如何认定外国法的性质,又应采用何种途径查明该外国法,在查明外国法后在具体案件中应当如何正确适用等问题,都是我国涉外民事关系法律适用制度中的极为重要的问题。笔者通过对我国大陆地区一些法院涉外民商事案件审判工作的实地调研,运用实证研究的方法,对这些问题做出了分析与探讨,并指出应从有利于司法审判实践的角度对我国的外国法查明制度进行更为深入的完善。

The ascertainment of foreign law is the premise for the correct application of foreign laws in the jurisdiction over foreign-related civil and commercial cases by courts in the Chinese mainland.When the court accepts and hears a case,according to the guidelines on conflict rules,we shall concern ourselves with these questions： excluding provisions on renvoi,public order reservation,evasion of law,identification of the nature of foreign law,approaches to ascertaining foreign law,proper application of foreign law in specific cases after its being ascertained,etc.all of which function crucially in the jurisdiction over foreign-related civil and commercial cases by Chinese courts.The present author,based on a scrupulous survey of the judicial practices in regard to foreign-related civil and commercial cases heard by some courts in the Chinese mainland,and through empirical research,analyzes and discusses these issues mentioned above.It is maintained that the current system of ascertaining foreign law in China should be further strengthened from the perspective of improving the effectiveness of Chinese judicial practices.