护理专业学生社交焦虑及影响因素的研究

The level and influencing factors of social anxiety among nursing students

目的探索护理专业学生的社交焦虑水平及其预测因素,为社交焦虑的针对性干预提供依据。方法对1 032名护理专业学生进行问卷调查和心理测评,通过优势分析的方法探索人格特征、简易应对方式、社会支持等预测因素对社交焦虑的相对贡献。结果社交焦虑与神经质、消极应对变量呈正相关(P<0.01),与内外倾向、积极应对、自我效能、主观支持和支持利用度变量呈负相关(P<0.01);分层回归表明,内外倾向、神经质、自我效能和消极应对能解释社交焦虑总方差的26.60%;优势分析表明,4个变量在已预测的方差中,内外倾向贡献46.05%,神经质贡献20.86%,自我效能感贡献23.53%,消极应对贡献6.39%。结论内外倾向、神经质、自我效能、应对方式等不同因素对护理专业学生社交焦虑有不同程度的预测作用,应根据社交焦虑的具体原因,采取针对性的干预措施。

Objective To explore the level and predictive factors of nursing students social anxiety, so as to provide the basis for targeted interventions. Methods A total of 1 032 nursing students were chosen and received a questionnaire survey and psychological evaluation. Relative contributions of predictive factors such as personality characteristics, simplified coping styles, social supports and self - efficacy to social anxiety were explored by means of dominance analy- sis. Results Social anxiety had positive correlation with nervousness and negative reply （ P 〈 0.01 ） , then had negative correlation with introversion and extroversion tendency, positive reply, self- efficacy, subjective support and support utilization variable. Hierarchical regression showed that introversion and extroversion tendency,neuroticism,self- efficacy and negative coping could explain 26.60% of total variance of social anxiety. Dominance analysis showed that among the four variables, introversion and extroversion contribution accounted for 46.05% , neuroticism for 20.86% , general self - efficacy for 23.53% and negative coping for 6.39%. Conclusion Since the prediction functions of various factors such as introversion, neuroticism and self - efficacy to nursing students＂ social anxiety are different, targeted intervention measures should be taken according to specific causes of social anxiety.