玉米自交系数量性状遗传参数研究

Genetic Parameters of Quantitative Characters in Maize Inbred Lines

用数量遗传学的原理和方法， 对２０个常用自选和引入的玉米自交系进行数量性状遗传参数的田间试验研究。结果表明： 穗粗、行粒数、百粒重与单株产量的遗传相关达到正向极显著； 吐丝期、株高、穗行数、单株叶片数、单株产量的遗传力较高， 受环境影响小， 宜早代选择； 单株产量的遗传进度较其余性状高， 获得的遗传增量大， 直接选择效果较为理想； 穗粗、行粒数、百粒重以及它们所构成的选择指数对单株产量的相关遗传进度都较高， 通过这３ 个性状的间接选择或者综合选择， 都将会提高单株产量的遗传增量， 达到增加自交系产量的目的。

The field experiment for the genetic parameters of quantitative characters in 20 maize inbred lines were studied with quantitative genetic methods. The ear diameter,kernel number per row,100 kernel weight to grain yield per plant kernel weight had significant positive genetic correlation;The days to silking,plant height,row number,leaves number per plant,grain yield per plant kernel weight had the higher heritability,therefore those characters could be considered as early generation selection;The grain yield per plant kernel weight had the higher genetic advance,and obtained the best effects on the direct selection;The ear diameter,kernel number per row,100 kernel weight and their selection index had the higher correlated genetic advance to the grain yield per plant kernel weight.It's genetic inscrease will arised by these characters indirect or synthesis selection.