玉树地震伤病员空中急救转运初论

The role of air channel in disaster relief and medical rescue： experience from YushuEarthquake

目的探讨“空中急救”的必要性和紧迫性。方法对2010年青海玉树地震的空中急救进行回顾性分析，提出了空中救援体系建设的展望。结果自2010年4月14日～5月7日，民航运送各类抗震救灾人员14178人次，物资1406吨，转运伤员4459人次，无一例空中转运死亡病例，也未造成一例因转运不当所致的伤病员二次损伤。结果表明，传统的、封闭的、单一的救护活动已无法满足当代社会生活工作的特点和日益增加的急救需求，政府统一指挥，各方救援力量团结协作，救援方案科学、有效落实，实现了民航应急救护参加社会救援的重大突破。结论“空中急救”是一个系统的组织架构、指挥调度、科学运作、规范操作、物资保障等新兴的医学救援行业、学术领域。拓展民航医学救援兼容性，树立“大救援”观念，在医学救援培训的内容和方式上要有突破。

On 14 April 2010 a Richter magnitude 7 earthquake occurred in Yushu Prefecture, Qinghai Province, and caused heavy disruption in traffic and communications, health facilities, and electrical and water supply. In addition, there was a shortage of medical staff. Many seriously ill and injured persons needed to be transferred to proper hospitals. Three hours after the earthquake, the Yushu Batang Airport was open again, and 8 hours later the first professional rescue team and the first batch of disaster relief materials, including first aid equipments, stretchers, and drugs, and then daily necessities, arrived. During 72 hours 1100 severely injured patients were evacuated to Xining, the provincial capital, and then to the hospitals there, a small part was sent to Xi＇ an or Lanzhou via highway transportation. During 14 April to 7 May, altogether 14178 person-times of disaster relief staff members and 4458 injured persons were transported by airplanes. The practice showed that the air channel is very important in disaster relief and medical rescue. The Civil Aviation Administration of China has already developed a pre-plan for medical rescue in emergent public events. Disasters and accidents often occur in China. The civil aviation shoulders a heavy responsibility