基于因子分析法的再生水水质及其变动情况研究

Evaluation and research on reclaimed water quality and its fluctuation by factor analysis

【目的】针对再生水的应用特性,建立合理的、客观的水质评价模型,为再生水水质及其年内变动情况分析提供参考。【方法】以现行再生水水质标准（SL 368-2006）为参考,选取适当的污染物分析指标,采用因子分析法建立再生水水质评价模型,以西安市北石桥污水净化中心再生水出水为研究对象,以2009年1-12月的再生水监测数据为样本,利用建立的水质评价模型对其进行评价与分析。【结果】利用建立的再生水水质评价模型对2009年的水质资料进行分析,结果表明,北石桥污水净化中心再生水水质状况良好,1-12月再生水水质综合得分均低于依据再生水水质标准所选定的第13个特殊样本水质（1.325）。其中,1月水质较好,综合得分为-0.889,8-10月水质较差,得分为0.419~0.573,这与夏季进水水温差别导致生物处理系统出水水质变化有关。【结论】建立的基于因子分析法的再生水水质评价模型,在损失较少信息前提下,以少数的主因子取代原有的多维变量,简化了数据结构,且评价结果客观合理,可用于再生水的水质评价。

【Objective】 Many evaluation methods in common use are analyzed to observe their advantages and disadvantages.The research aims to establish a reasonable and impersonal evaluation model based on the application characteristics of reclaimed water so as to analyze the water quality and fluctuation in a research year.【Method】 Several indexes are chosen from reclaimed water quality standard（SL 368-2006）to constitute evaluation model by factor analysis.Reclaimed water monitoring data from January to December of Beishiqiao wastewater treatment center in 2009 are used in the model to analyze the water quality.【Result】 The research shows that the quality scores from January to December are all better than the one of the 13th special sample（1.325）,which means high quality of the wastewater from Beishiqiao wastewater treatment center.In that,the best waste water quality is in January whose score is-0.889 while the lower quality is from August to October with scores from 0.419 to 0.573.That is relevant to the small change in bio-treatment system caused by the higher water temperature of wastewater.【Conclusion】 The established model based on factor analysis uses several main factors instead of original multi-dimensional,which means simpler data structure and easier analysis.It also has the characteristic on the objectivity of evaluation results.Therefore,the model built in the paper can be used to evaluate the water quality of reclaimed water.