红富士苹果果形偏斜的机理研究

A Study on Mechanism of Fruit Shape in Red Fuji Apples

通过多项试验，系统研究了红富士苹果果形偏斜的原因。结果证实：红富士苹果果形偏斜并非坐果序位不同和果实内种子发育状况所致。红富士苹果在５月中旬（花后４周）至８月中旬期间，果实不能自然下垂时，近地侧果肉中ＩＡＡ和ＧＡ３含量明显高于背地侧果肉，进而导致果实中营养及水分的分配不均，使果实非对称膨大而形成偏斜果。通过涂抹生长调节剂试验，验证了红富士苹果果形偏斜受控于果实内源激素分布的观点。

In this paper, based on the authors' numerous experiments, it was a systematic study on the reasons of the lopsided fruits of Red Fuji apple trees. It was proved by the experiments that the reason of Red Fuji fruits' unsymmetry did not result from the different distribution of endogenous hormones of the fruits or the different grow lug states of the seeds within the pulps. On the contrary, it was indicated from the comprehensive analysis that the fruits could not droop naturally from the 4th week after flowering in May to mid August, and the contents of IAA and GAs in the pulps near the ground were apparently higher than those afar to the ground. As a result, this brought about the uneven distribution of nutrients and water within the pulps and caused the fruits uneven growth, and hereby formed the unsymmetrical shapes. It was the first time to proof the view, by means of coating plant growth regulator, that the unsymmetrical fruits of Red Fuji were caused by the endogenous hormone distribution within the pulps.