超临界CO_2的应用技术及发展现状

Development and application of supercritical CO_2

21世纪,对各种生产、加工的无污染性、低消耗高技术、易控制性、高效性以及可循环利用性的要求越来越突出。超临界CO2技术本身具有的环保性、可循环利用性以及良好的加工效果等优点,在最近几年备受关注,成为当今清洁生产、环境友好的重要研究方向之一。文章就超临界CO2的基本理化特性进行了介绍;阐述了与传统加工技术相比的显著优势;结合超临界CO2各种特性阐述了其在材料改性、染色、萃取、清洗等方面的应用以及实现各种应用的原理;对超临界CO2的应用前景进行了展望。

In the 21st century,non-polluting,low consumed and high-tech,easily controlled,high efficiency and recycling attract more social attention in the practical production.Advantages of environmental protection,recyclability and good processing effect is used to describe the supercritical carbon dioxide.In recent years,it is concerned by the society and becomes to be one of the important research directions in clean and environment-friendly production.In this paper,we shall first briefly introduce the basic physical and chemical characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide and describe its significant advantages comparing with the traditional processing technology.In addition,with various characteristics of supercritical carbon dioxide,its applications in material modification,dyeing,extraction,cleaning and the principle of a variety of applications are also discussed.In the end,we will make prospects on application of supercritical carbon dioxide.