参与式培训降低医学生对HIV感染者的歧视

A participatory training of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome anti-discrimination education for medical students

目的探讨参与式培训在提高医学生艾滋病相关知识、态度、医疗服务意愿中的作用。方法 采用类实验性研究,在知情同意、自愿参与的原则下,招募志愿者80名,采用随机数字表法分为试验组和对照组各40名。试验组采用参与式培训的方法,培训医学生艾滋病相关知识、态度;对照组通过传统方法获得艾滋病相关信息。干预前后采用问卷收集两组艾滋病相关知识、态度及医疗服务意愿得分。结果试验组和对照组均回收有效问卷34份。干预后,试验组艾滋病相关知识及医疗服务意愿得分高于对照组,歧视态度得分低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。干预前后,试验组在知识、态度、医疗服务意愿得分方面比较,差异均有统计学意义(P均<0.001)。结论参与式培训有利于提高医学生艾滋病相关知识水平,改善其对HIV感染者歧视态度,提高其对HIV感染者的医疗服务意愿。

Objective To examine the effect of participatory training on changing medical students＇ knowledge and attitudes towards acquired immunodeficiency syndrome（AIDS）,and their willingness to taking care of patients with AIDS.Methods A quasi-experimental study design was used in this study.Eighty medical students were divided into two groups by randomized number table.The experimental group received participatory training about knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS.The control group obtained AIDS related information in traditional way.The two groups were investigated with a questionnaire about the knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS,and willingness of taking care of patients with AIDS before and after the training.Results Compared with the control group,the scores of AIDS related knowledge and willingness of taking care of patients with AIDS were significantly higher（P〈0.001）,while the score of discrimination attitudes towards AIDS was significantly lower in the experimental group（P〈0.001）.There were also significant differences in the knowledge,attitudes and willingness of taking care of patients with AIDS before and after training in the experimental group（P〈0.001）.Conclusion Participatory training can effectively improve medical students＇ knowledge and attitudes towards AIDS,and enhance their willingness of taking care of patients with AIDS.