高校优势学科群形成过程探析

Analysis on the Formation of Dominant Discipline Clusters in Universities

基于高校学科群形成发展的历史过程,将高校优势学科群的形成分为四个阶段——专业阶段、学科阶段、学科群阶段和优势学科群阶段;以协同论作为分析方法,对不同阶段的系统要素、快变量、序参量进行了分析,阐释了前一个阶段向后一阶段转变时序参量与快变量的变化,并认为从专业形态向学科形态转变是办学功能的拓展,学科形态向学科群形态转变是办学功能的完善,学科群向优势学科群转变是办学特色的凸显;最后,从系统内外两种角度,对通过协同促进高校优势学科群的形成提出相应的对策。

The formation of dominant discipline clusters in universities is categorized into 4 stages based on its development history： professional, discipline, discipline cluster, and dominant discipline cluster stages. With the theory of Synergetic, the article analyzes system elements, fast variables, order parameter in different phases, explains the factors contributing to changes from the previous stage to the next stage, and believes that the transformation from the professional form to the subject form is the expansion of education function, while the transformation from the subject form to the professional form is the perfection of it. It is the highlight of the characteristics of schooling from discipline cluster to dominant discipline cluster. In the end, corresponding countermeasures are proposed to promote the formation of dominant discipline clusters in universities from the angles of inside system and out- side environment.