植物密度调控及其对环境变化响应的研究进展

Research advances in plant density-dependent regulation and its responses to environmental change

植物密度调控规律研究对于推动植物生态学理论的发展和指导林业、农业、牧业的合理密植以及恢复、改良不良生态环境等具有重要意义。文章综述了植物-3/2与-1/2自疏法则,自疏指数的不稳定性与争论,以及自疏法则与密度调控指数的关系的研究,总结了密度调控指数对水分梯度、盐分浓度、海拔以及光照条件等环境变化的响应,讨论了植物个体间的正负相互作用及其生态场、植物形态、盖度等植物密度调控机理与环境变化的关系,指出自疏指数研究经历从恒定、变异、随环境变化的发展,最后从WBE模型和代谢生态理论(MTE)、植物邻体效应、根冠整合机制、植物根际微生物对植物相互作用的调控、宏观与微观结合等方面展望了植物密度调控规律的研究发展趋势。

To study the plant density-dependent regulation pattern is of significance to the development of plant ecology and to give guidance to the rational density in forestry,agriculture,animal husbandry,and restoration of degraded ecosystems.This paper reviewed the recent researches on the-3 /2 and-1 /2 self-thinning rules,the instability and dispute of self-thinning exponent,and the relationships between self-thinning rules and density regulation exponent,summarized the responses of density regulation exponent to environmental changes such as water gradient,salt concentration,altitude,and light condition,and discussed the positive and negative interactions among individual plants and the relationships of plant density regulation mechanisms in ecological field with plant morphology,coverage and environmental changes.The study of selfthinning exponent had experienced invariable,variable,and change with environment.The future research trend of plant density-dependent regulation pattern was proposed from the aspects of WBE（West,Brown and Enquist） model and metabolic ecological theory（MET）,plant neighbor effect,belowground and aboveground integration,rhizospheric microbial regulation to plant interaction,and combination of macro and micro levels.