实施黄河泥沙处理与利用有机结合战略运行机制

Strategy operating mechanism of sediment treatment and utilization in the Yellow River

研究表明,未来一个时期内黄河"水少、沙多,水沙关系不协调"的属性不可能发生根本改变,黄委在本次黄河流域综合规划中仍将"拦、排、调、放、挖"作为黄河综合治理的战略措施。随着治黄实践的逐步深入,除充分认识到调水调沙措施其中的分量之外,也更加意识到黄河水沙调控体系建设的紧迫性,意识到水库泥沙处理的重要性和艰巨性。实际上,20世纪80、90年代西北地区就做过中小型水库和拦泥库的泥沙处理现场试验,效果良好,但均因没有后续的资金作支撑而搁置。调研过程中我们还注意到,作为地方行为从库区抽出的泥沙直接排到其下游河道,没有考虑对黄河干流的影响和当初修建这些淤泥库的作用。故此,如何实现泥沙处理与利用的有机结合,形成连续的资金链条和良性循环的机制,以期黄河长治久安,是目前治黄工作必须直面的重大课题。

Studies show that, the feature of ＂imbalance between water and sand of less water and more sediment＂ will not change in the certain period of time in the future. In the master plan of Yellow River Basin, ＂arresting, discharging, regulating, releasing and digging＂ is still listed as strategic measures by YRCC, who has realized the importance and difficulties of sediment treatment of reservoir along with practices and learned from water and sand regulation in the Yellow River Basin. In 1980s and 1990s, sediment treatment experiments were conducted in some small and medium reservoirs in the Northwest of China that achieved good result, but were terminated due to lacking of funds support. From field investigation, it was found that the sand was directly discharged into the river course downstream from the reservoir without consideration of its impact on the Yellow River mainstream Therefore, it is suggested to combine the sediment treatment and utilization with the support of a continued financial and management mechanism, which should be the major subject for the harness of the Yellow River.