综合医院住院患者梅毒感染检出情况分析

Analysis of Syphilis Infection in Inpatients of General Hospital

目的探讨梅毒在住院患者中的现状及流行病学特征。方法对本院2006年1月-2010年12月住院患者中梅毒检测阳性者的病历资料进行回顾性分析。结果5年共收治126472例住院患者，检出梅毒阳性者1927例，其中显性梅毒502例，隐性梅毒1299例，先天性梅毒102例，神经梅毒24例；梅毒检出率2006年为0．52％，2010年上升为2．74％；男1118例，女809例，男女比例1．38：1；显性梅毒主要分布在20—50岁年龄段，共检出396例，隐性梅毒则在20—60岁年龄段较多，共检出1111例；梅毒广泛分布于各个科室，但不同类型梅毒主要分布科室有一定差异，先天性梅毒主要分布在儿科，隐性梅毒分布于外科、内科、妇科、产科、皮肤科、感染科等科室，显性梅毒则主要见于外科、内科、皮肤科和妇科。结论住院患者中梅毒检出率逐年上升，其中隐性梅毒在梅毒阳性者中数量最多、分布较广，增幅最明显；梅毒阳性者几乎覆盖了所有科室和所有年龄段，因此，有必要对住院病人进行梅毒普查。

Objective To analyze inpatient syphilis infection from 2006 to 2010, and to investigate the current situation of syphilis and its epidemiological characteristics. Methods The medical records of patients with syphilis in our hospital from Jan. 2003 to Dec. 2008 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 1 927 cases of syphilis among 126 472 inpatients,and 502 cases were dominant syphilis, 1 299 cases were latent syphilis, 102 cases were congenital syphilis,and 24 cases were neurosyphilis in our hospital during 5 years. The detection rates of syphilis were 0.52% and 2.74% in 2006 and 2010. In 1 927 cases of syphilis,1 118 cases were male and 809 cases were female,with the male to female proportion of 1.38： 1. Number of patients with acquired dominant syphilis in the range of 20 - 50 years old was more than that in other age ranges, and 396 cases were found. Number of patients with acquired latent syphilis in the range of 20 - 60 years old was more than that in other age ranges, and 1 111 cases were found. Patients with syphilis were distributed widely to various departments in our hospital. But the different styles syphilis were distributed to some different departments. The congenital syphilis patients were in the pediatric department. The most of latent syphilis patients were in surgical department, internal medicine department, department of gynecology, obstetrics, dermatology department, infectious department and etc. But the most of dominant syphilis were distributed to surgical, internal medicine, department of dermatology, department of gynecology. Conclusions The incidence of syphilis is increasing in recent years and it is obvious in latent syphilis group. Patients with latent syphilis could be seen among inpatients of most departments. Patients with syphilis were distributed to almost all departments and ages in our hospital. There is a need for a routine syphilis screening among all inpatients in order to prevent the misdiagnosis of syphilis among them, especially for the latent syphilis.