与封堵溃口有关的重物落水后运动过程模型

The Movement Model for Falling Heavy Blocks in Water

洪涝灾害经常会造成溃坝溃堤,进而引发泥石流灾害,造成国家和人民生命财产的严重损失,物体填堵方法是有效解决溃坝溃堤问题的一种手段,主要针对物体填堵时在何处投放物体最有效的问题进行了解决.在合理假设的前提下,通过对试验模型中各单件相关数据进行分析并参考相关资料,得出影响重物在水中运动的主要因素,包括流体结构、投放高度、投放方式、物体形状等.然后按照物体是否完全浸入水中把运动过程分成两个阶段,再分别从垂直和水平两个运动方向考虑,利用已知的试验数据和相关知识,建立了能够适应不同情况的、描述重物水中运动过程的数学模型.以大实心方砖为例进行分析,利用Matlab对所建的模型进行求解,对比拟合试验数据得到的和所建模型得到的运动方程,从而可以计算出离散时间点的相对误差,其值大约为8%-13%,符合容许条件,证明所建模型还是比较合理的.

Debris flow stream caused by dam-break frequently lead to serious loss of countries and people＇s life and property.Object blocking is an effective solution to the problem. The main object of this paper is to resolve the problem where to put the object effectively. Under the premise of reasonable assumptions, through analysis the test model＇s related data of each object and reference related material, concluding the main factor that influence the movement of objects in the water, including fluid structure, release height, release methods, object shape, etc. Then according to object whether completely submerged in water, divided the movement process into two phases.And then consider both from the vertical and horizontal direction of motion,using the known experimental data and relevant knowledge to established the mathematical model.This model can adapt to different situations, and descript the heavy water movement process.Taking the big solid square brick as a study case, using Matlab to solve the model,then comparative the equations of motion test data obtained by fitting the model obtained, thus can calculate the relative error of discrete time points, its value is approximately 8% - 13% and in the permission range, it was proved that the model is reasonable.