南繁条件下转基因棉花对根际土壤微生物及棉田虫害影响的初步研究

A preliminary Study of the Environmental Effect of Transgenic Cotton to the Rhizosphere Microorganisms and Cotton Field Pests in the Plant Breeding Base of Hainan

转基因作物安全评价是当前生物安全研究的重要内容。本实验以海南三亚南繁基地为实验平台,通过比较转BT/CPTI双价基因抗虫棉花SGK321和非转基因棉花石远321根际土壤微生物动态变化,初步研究了转基因棉花SGK321对农田生态环境的影响。通过常规培养计数、分子鉴定等手段监测土壤微生物多样性变化,经过近两年的跟踪研究,发现两次生长周期内,转基因棉花SGK321和非转基因棉花石远321根际土壤微生物(包括细菌、真菌、放线菌)的动态变化趋势大致相同,群落数量和种属组成都没有明显差异。此外,南繁大田种植环境条件下,除棉铃虫数量差异明显外,其余各种棉田虫害数量差异不明显。据此,我们初步推断南繁条件下转基因棉花SGK321的种植对土壤微生物及棉田虫害影响不显著。本研究可为在我国南繁基地开展转基因作物安全评价提供参考。

The safety assessment of transgenic crops is an important issue for public concern. This study was taken at the Plant Breeding Base of Hainan. The influence of transgenic pest- resistant cotton SGK321 （BT/ CPTI） on the rhizosphere microorganisms and the field environmental safety were studied. By petri dish cultivation, counting and molecular identification, in nearly two-year＇s practice and experiment, primary results were obtained. No significant difference in the community diversity of the rhizosphere microorganisms （bacteria, fungi, actinomyces） between SGK321 and Shiyuan321 were observed. The dynamics of the rhizosphere microbial community diversity were approximately the same. Moreover, except for the apparent difference in the abundance of Heliothis armigera, no distinct differences were observed in the other studied field pests. This study could provide a primary study sample for GM biosafety research in the Plant Breeding Base of Hainan.