滤光膜对绞股蓝和五柱绞股蓝的生长和总皂甙积累的影响

Effects of Color Films on the Growth and Total Gypenosides Accumulation in Gynostemma pentaphyllum and Gynostemma pentagynum

光质能够影响绞股蓝的生长发育和总皂甙的积累。将绞股蓝和五柱绞股蓝幼苗置于相对光照强度为32～34%的红色滤光膜、蓝色滤光膜和遮荫网下处理45 d,以自然光照(光照强度100%)为对照,分析影响幼苗的生长和总皂甙含量的有效光质。结果表明,红色滤光膜下绞股蓝的叶面积、叶柄长、茎长和单株生物量显著高于对照组,茎长和单株生物量显著高于光照强度相似的遮荫网处理组;蓝膜下绞股蓝的叶面积、叶柄长、茎长和单株生物量显著高于对照组,茎长显著高于遮荫组,单株生物量显著低于红膜处理组;自然光下的绞股蓝总皂甙含量最高,红膜处理组次之,遮荫网处理组最低。在相似的光照强度下,红膜处理比蓝膜处理更有利于绞股蓝总皂甙产量的增加。波谱分析表明,红色滤光膜透过的红橙光比蓝色滤光膜透过的蓝紫光更有利于绞股蓝的生长发育和总皂甙产量的提高。五柱绞股蓝具有类似的变化规律。

Light quality could affect the growth, development and accumulation of total gypenosides in Gynostemma pentagynum. Seedlings of Gynostemma pentaphyUum and Gynostemma pentagynum were grown under red film, blue film and shading net for 45 d in a relative illumination intensity of 32%-34% natural light, and natural light（CK） , then the morphological indices and total gypenosides content were determined. The leaf area, petiole length, stem length and biomass of G. pentaphyllum under red film were significantly larger than those under natural light. The stem length and biomass under red film were also significantly larger than those under shading net with similar illumination intensity. The leaf area, petiole length, stem length and biomass under blue film werealso significantly larger than that under natural light, with the stem length significantly larger than that under shading net, while the biomass was less than that under red film significantly. The plants under natural light had the highest content of total gypenosides, that under red film came the second, and that under the shading net had the lowest. Under similar illumination intensity condition, red film was in favor of accelerating the yield of total gypenosides, compared with blue film. The spectrum analysis showed that red light and orange light were more effective than blue light and purple light in respect to promoting the growth and gypenosides yield in G. pentophyllum. Similar change were presented in G. pentagynum.