早期麻风血清学诊断方法的评价及应用研究

A Study on evaluation and application of methods for early serodiagnosis of leprosy

目的：评价现有的早期麻风菌感染检测方法的实用性，探讨它们的潜在应用前景。方法：共比较了１２种血清学检测方法（１１种在本实验室建立，另 １种为ＷＨＯ赠送的ＭＬＰＡ血清学检测试剂盒），将之按４个“Ｓ”标准和疾病筛检标准评价，并动态观察在亚临床感染及疾病检测中的实用意义。结果：结果表明各方法间的结果是可以比较的。方法敏感性高，特异性强，且简便、廉价、实用。结论：方法可用于麻风亚临床感染的检测、免疫流行学研究、疗效评价及早期疾病和复发的监测，对排除麻风菌感染也有一定意义。

To evaluate the practicability and Potential use of methods for early serodiagnosis of leprosy. Methods: Eleven methods were used for early serodiagnosis of leprosy, including FLA - ABS test, ELISAs with artificial products(ND - O -, ND - P -, NT - O -, NT- P - BSA,PGK - 1, whole M. leprae, and M. smegmatis), monoclonal antibody specific binding assay(McAB/SBA), latex agglutination test(LAT) and MLPA. The results of these methods were compared with each other on a large scale in leprosy Patients in field conditions. Results: The above mentioned immuno - assays were proved highly sensitive, highly specific, simple in Performance, inexpensive and practical. Their results were comparable except for Ms - ELlSA. Conclusion: ND - ELISA is the most practical method in investigating seroimmunological epidemiology, subclinical infection, and early detection, in monitoring antimicrobial therapy and even in predicting relapse of leprosy.