中国六个城市大菊品种资源现状调查研究

Investigation of Standard Chrysanthemum Cultivars in Six Cities of China

对中国6个代表城市的大菊品种资源计2732份材料进行了调查、拍照及性状记录。通过比对分析,共整理出大菊品种1429个,现有品种可分为8个色系、5个瓣型和43个花型。其中黄色系居多,有500个品种,超过1/3,少见绿色、间色和双色品种。瓣型以平瓣为主,总计626个品种,占总数的44%,管瓣、匙瓣类次之,分别为414个和305个;桂瓣和畸瓣类较少,总共有84个品种,仅占总数的6%;花型主要为绣球型,计187个品种,为总数的13.09%。本研究对进一步开展全国性的大菊品种资源普查、整理与保护具有参考价值。

2732 copies of standard chrysanthemum cultivars were investigated,photographed in six representative cities of China.And their morphological characteristics were documented,of which 1429 cultivars were identified as standard chrysanthemum through morphological comparison analysis.The identified cultivars are classified into 8 types of colors,5 types of petals and 43 flower types.The yellow color is the major color and amounts to 500 cultivars,more than one of the third of the total cultivars,while only a few cultivars are green,double-color or variegated varieties.Flat petal type is the major petal type and amounts to 626 cultivars,44% of the whole investigated cultivars,followed by spoon petal and tubular petal type which are 414 and 305 cultivars respectively;while cultivars of anemone petal and abnormal petal types are comparatively uncommon（only 84 cultivars accounting for 6% of the total cultivars.Moreover,flowers are mainly of hydrangea type,including 187 cultivars（13.09% of the total cultivars）.The study here will of significance for further survey and protection of standard chrysanthemum throughout China.