甲醛对大鼠子代学习记忆及海马C-fos蛋白表达影响的研究

Study of the effects of formaldehyde on learning,memory and C-fos protein expression in rats' offspring

目的探讨甲醛对大鼠子代学习记忆能力和即刻早期基因表达的影响。方法随机将Wistar大鼠分为对照组和低、中、高剂量染甲醛组,自孕前8周开始以呼吸道静式染毒至子代出生,各组仔鼠在断乳后继续予以染毒60 d,然后进行水迷宫测试,并测定不同时间段海马中C-fos蛋白表达水平。结果神经行为学测试时,仔鼠的学习与记忆的达标次数、时间都随着剂量的增大而上升;C-fos蛋白表达阳性细胞数量随着剂量的增加而升高(P<0.05),同时在21 d时出现峰值;高剂量组C-fos蛋白表达在21、28和45 d明显增多(P<0.05)。结论甲醛损害大鼠子代学习记忆能力的机制可能与甲醛造成海马即刻早期基因c-fos基因的蛋白表达水平降低、神经元功能减弱有关。

Objective To study the effects of formaldehyde on learning,memory and immediate early gene expression in rat offspring.Methods Wistar rats were divided randomly into four groups： control,low,middle,and high-dose formaldehyde groups.All rats in treatment groups were exposed by inhalation of formaldehyde for 8 weeks until the offsping birth.Offspring rats were kept for administrating with formaldehyde since weanling for 60d.Learning and memory of offspring were measured on T water-maze task.And C-fos protein expression in hippocampus of offspring were also detected.Results In the neuro behavioral test,the training times and prolonged time of reaching the goal（P0.05） in a does-dependent manner.The volume of C-fos positive cells were increased with the raise of exposing dose of formaldehyde（P0.05）,and reached highest peak at 21 d;The volume of C-fos positive cells were increased significantly at day 21,28 and 45 in high dose groups（P0.05）.Conclusion Formaldehyde could injure leaning and memory of rats,which might be related to decreased level of hippocampal C-fos protein expression and neuronal function disturbance induced by formaldehyde.