妊娠高血压综合征视网膜病变临床分析

The clinic analysis of retinopathy in pregnancy induced hypertension

目的:观察分析妊娠高血压综合征(PIH)视网膜病变与PIH病情程度的关系。方法:选取PIH孕产妇280例,观察其视网膜情况、血压、蛋白尿、血细胞比容。结果:280例PIH孕产妇中,共计215例出现了不同程度的视网膜病变,发生率为76.8%,其中妊娠高血压、子痫前期轻度、子痫前期重度、子痫视网膜病变发生率分别为59.5%、76.2%、97.7%、100.0%。在平均动脉压<140 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)和≥140 mm Hg的病例中,视网膜病变发生率分别为70.6%、92.4%;尿蛋白≤++者和≥+++者,视网膜病变发生率分别为70.6%、89.2%;血细胞比容≤0.35者和>0.35者,视网膜病变发生率分别为69.6%、84.8%,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。此外,不同视网膜病变分期之间差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论:随着PIH病情加重,视网膜病变发生率增加,并且随着PIH病情加重,视网膜病变程度加重。通过观察视网膜情况可以在一定程度上评估PIH病情严重程度。

Objective： To observe and analyze the relationship between retinopathy in pregnancy induced hypertension（PIH） and severity of PIH.Methods： Two hundred and eighty women were involved in this study,whose retina,blood pressure,albuminuria,volume of packed red blood cells（VPRBC） was observed.Results： Various retinopathy appeared in 215/280 cases（76.8%）.The incidence of retinopathy was 59.5%,76.2%,97.7% and 100.0% respectively in stage of hypertension,mild eclampsism,severe eclampsism and eclampsia.And the rate was 70.6% and 92.4% respectively in cases of mean arterial pressure 140 mm Hg（1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa） and ≥140 mm Hg.While it was 70.6% and 89.2% respectively in cases of albuminuria≤＋＋ and ≥＋＋＋;69.6% and 84.8% in cases of VPRBC≤0.35 and 0.35.The differences between those were statistically significant（P0.01）.Additionally,the differences in stages of retinopathy were statistically significant（P0.01）.Conclusion： The incidence of retinopathy increases with PIH exacerbations.And the more serious with the PIH,the more aggravated retinopathy.Severity of PIH may be evaluated in some degree by retinopathy.