襄阳市2007-2010年疟疾疫情及抗疟措施分析

Analysis of malaria epidemic situation and control measures in Xiangyang City during 2007-2010

目的分析襄阳市2007-2010年的疟疾疫情，找出发病重点地区、人群及防治工作中存在的问题，为制定科学的抗疟对策提供依据。方法收集襄阳市9个县、市2007-2010年疟疾网络疫情报告数据及抗疟措施执行情况，对疟疾发病地区、季节、人群分布及抗疟措施进行描述性分析。结果2007-2010年襄阳市累计报告疟疾2101例（其中输入性恶性疟1例），平均发病率为9．63／10万；枣阳、老河口、襄州占全市发病总数的94．20％；发病时间集中在5—9月，7月为发病高峰；发病年龄以40～60岁年龄段最多；男性发病高于女性；农民和学生为主要发病群体，分别占发病总数的73．22％和11．18％；血检阳性率为0．21％。血检阳性患者数占上报疟疾患者数的14．89％；疟疾现症患者治疗率及正规治疗率均为100％，疟疾休止期治疗人数45316人，休治率和正规休治率分别为95．13％、94．75％，重点人群预防服药率为92．17％。结论目前疟疾发病呈现相对集中、高度分散的特征，枣阳、老河口、襄州部分乡镇形成较顽固的疫点；疟疾防治工作重点人群为农民，以青壮年及老年人为主。针对治疗传染源的抗疟措施执行情况较好。

Objective To find out high-risk population, areas of malaria and the problems in control work through analyzing malaria epidemic situation in Xiangyang City from 2007 to 2010, so as to provide reference for making scientific malaria control strategy. Methods Malaria epidemic report data and the information of malaria control measures of Xiangyang City from 2007 to 2010 were collected. Descriptive analysis was adopted to analyze the malaria epidemic situation, including the prevalent areas, seasons, population distribution and control measures. Results In Xiangyang City,2 101 cases （including 1 imported falciparum malaria case） were reported from 2007 to 2010 （average incidence rate 9.63/100 000）. Zaoyang,Laohekou and Xiangzhou were the main areas accounted for 94.20% of the total cases of the whole city. The time that the cases mainly occurred was from May to September,especially July,which had the most cases among 12 months. The group aged from 40 to 60 had the highest incidence rate. The incidence rate of male population was higher than that of female. Peasants and students were the main malaria groups, accounted for 73.22% and 11.18% of the total cases respectively. The positive rate of blood examination was 0.21% and the numbers of examined positive patients took up to 14.89% of the reported malaria cases. The treatment rate of present malaria patients and its regular treatment rate were both 100%. The numbers of treated patients during resting stage were 45 316 ,the treatment rate and regular treatment rate were 95.13% and 94.75% respectively. The people taking medicine for malaria prevention accounted for 92.17% of the total high-risk population. Conclusions The characteristic of the malaria morbidity was highly dispersed while relatively concentrated. Some townships in Zaoyang, Laohekou and Xiangzhou were high- risk areas of malaria. The peasants, especially middle-aged and old populations, were key crowd of malaria treatment and prevention. Malaria control measures for treating infectious source were well implemented.