基于位置的服务:架构与进展

Location-Based Services: Architecture and Progress

随着无线通信技术和智能移动终端的快速发展,基于位置的服务(Location-based Services,LBS)在军事、交通、物流等诸多领域得到了广泛应用,它能够根据移动对象的位置信息提供个性化服务.目前,主流的定位技术大致可分为卫星定位、基于网络基础设施的定位和感知定位三类.LBS使用有效的移动对象时空索引技术来高效处理服务查询请求,并且采用不同隐私保护策略以有效保护用户的位置隐私.近年来,由于应用场景趋于复杂、多定位技术协同、数据规模迅速扩大等因素影响,室内LBS、不确定位置信息管理、新型隐私保护技术、云计算平台下的LBS、社会化LBS等也越来越重要.文中介绍了LBS系统的架构及其各个组成部分的关键技术,回顾了近几年来LBS技术的研究进展,探讨了未来的研究方向.

With the advances in wireless communication technologies and smart mobile devices,Location-based Services（LBS）,which provide personalized services based on users＇ location information,have been widely applied in military,transportation,logistics etc.Currently,mainstream positioning techniques are mainly divided into three categories,including satellite-based positioning,network infrastructure-based positioning and presence sensing positioning.With the help of effective spatio-temporal indexes,LBS are capable of processing the service requests efficiently.LBS usually employ different location privacy preservation methods to protect the user privacy.Recently,because of the complexity of applications,the cooperation of multiple positioning techniques and the huge data volume,new challenges emerge.Indoor LBS,management of uncertain data,novel location privacy protection method,LBS on cloud infrastructure and social LBS are becoming critical issues.This paper introduces the architecture of an LBS system and the key techniques of its components.Second,After reviewing the main progresses in recent years,we discuss the future work briefly.